2016年3月公共英语二级短文理解真题及答案
Text 3
It is reported that bags are getting bigger all the time, and that there are more bags per person on the street today than at any other time in history.If this is true, possible explanations could include the wide use of small electric and electronic gadgets(装置), a reading-material explosion, a popular interest toward tight or pocketless clothing, or cheap bagmaking labor overseas.
But, much as nature finds ways--such as disease--to control overpopulation, city life has thrown up impediments(障碍) to bags.to enter many public buildings, theatres, ballparks, and perhaps even underground railway stations, you must go through a search or go bagless.The city has countless bag rules.It is hard to keep them all straight, and you're never sure, when leaving home for the day, whether it might be a bad idea to bring one along.
Last week, the New York Public Library got in the game.Students, researchers, writers, historians, and anyone else who has got used over the years to treating the vast Rose Main Reading Room as an office or a reading room came up against a new rule.You are no longer allowed to bring a bag larger than eleven inches by fourteen inches into the library.If you walk in with one, you must leave it at the coat check.You may keep its contents with you, however, and the library provides big clear plastic bags for them.You return them when you come back for your own bag.
What the library is trying to prevent, in this case, is people taking things out, rather than bringing things in.A librarian said on the second day, "It' s a big change for people who used come and bring in half their flats.The people who use the library responsibly will continue to do so.The people who steal will continue to get away with it, if they really want to.
27.What does the writer mainly talk about?
A.The history of the bag rules.
B.The importance of using libraries.
C.Different bags used in our daily life.
D.The use of bags and the rules against it.
28.The bag rules in many public buildings require people to
A.leave the places bagless
B.pay for bringing in bags
C.have their bags examined
D.use big clear plastic bags
29.What is the purpose of the new rule at the New York Public Library?
A.to change people' s way of reading.
B.to help people better use the library.
C.to prevent people stealing from the library.
D.to stop people from bringing in dangerous things.
30.How is the effect of the new rule according to the librarian?
A.Excellent.
B.Limited.
C.Harmful.
D.Unclear.
参考译文
Text2
在世界的每个地方，动植物都是生活在一起的。有些动物以吃植物为生。一些植物得以存活是因为食草动物会被其他天敌动物捕食。植物根部所需的肥沃土壤得益于蠕虫和其他生存于地下的非常微小的动物。绿植哺育着动物以及人类。
动植物的共存使得地球成为适宜居住的好地方。动植物之间互相给养。他们互相交换所需物品以维持生存。
动物呼吸空气，并在体内产生变化。当它们呼出气体时，其中包含一种被称为“碳”的物质。动物不能再用它们呼出的气体。但是，植物需要碳气体。植物吸入它们生长所需要的碳气体，呼出新鲜空气。植物通过碳和水生成食物。它们利用阳光完成这项工作，就如同机器借助汽油或电力维持运转。植物将生成的食物储存于它们的体内。但是，植物可以获得怎样的回报呢?很多的回报。植物从动物产生的碳和其他物质中生成食物，像蜜蜂这样的昆虫，它们将花粉从一朵花传到另一朵花，而这个花粉可以形成种子。鸟类和其他动物在种子生长出的地方吃到果实，又将种子带到可以让它们生长的地方。所以说，动物帮助了植物的再生。
24.B【精析】推断题。题干意为“下面哪个选项与第二段中的词组‘trade wim’意思最为接近?”由第二段最后一句“They trade forthings they both need to stay alive.”可知，他们互相交换所需物品以维持生存。故可以推断出划线部分的含义应该是互相交换的意思。故B正确。
25.A【精析】细节题。题干意为“与第四段中的‘电力’作对比的是什么?”由第四段第二句话中的“They use sunlight for this work…”可知，它们利用阳光完成这项工作，由此可以看出“电力”是用来和“阳光”作对比的，故A正确。
26.A【精析】归纳题。题干意为“文章的中心思想是什么?”全文基本可以分成两个部分。第一部分说明一些动物靠食草为生，植物为动物提供了生存养料。第二部分说明植物也可以借助动物获取一定的生存养料。所以两者是相辅相成的。故A正确。
Text 3
It is reported that bags are getting bigger all the time, and that there are more bags per person on the street today than at any other time in history.If this is true, possible explanations could include the wide use of small electric and electronic gadgets(装置), a reading-material explosion, a popular interest toward tight or pocketless clothing, or cheap bagmaking labor overseas.
But, much as nature finds ways--such as disease--to control overpopulation, city life has thrown up impediments(障碍) to bags.to enter many public buildings, theatres, ballparks, and perhaps even underground railway stations, you must go through a search or go bagless.The city has countless bag rules.It is hard to keep them all straight, and you're never sure, when leaving home for the day, whether it might be a bad idea to bring one along.
Last week, the New York Public Library got in the game.Students, researchers, writers, historians, and anyone else who has got used over the years to treating the vast Rose Main Reading Room as an office or a reading room came up against a new rule.You are no longer allowed to bring a bag larger than eleven inches by fourteen inches into the library.If you walk in with one, you must leave it at the coat check.You may keep its contents with you, however, and the library provides big clear plastic bags for them.You return them when you come back for your own bag.
What the library is trying to prevent, in this case, is people taking things out, rather than bringing things in.A librarian said on the second day, "It' s a big change for people who used come and bring in half their flats.The people who use the library responsibly will continue to do so.The people who steal will continue to get away with it, if they really want to.
27.What does the writer mainly talk about?
A.The history of the bag rules.
B.The importance of using libraries.
C.Different bags used in our daily life.
D.The use of bags and the rules against it.
28.The bag rules in many public buildings require people to
A.leave the places bagless
B.pay for bringing in bags
C.have their bags examined
D.use big clear plastic bags
29.What is the purpose of the new rule at the New York Public Library?
A.to change people' s way of reading.
B.to help people better use the library.
C.to prevent people stealing from the library.
D.to stop people from bringing in dangerous things.
30.How is the effect of the new rule according to the librarian?
A.Excellent.
B.Limited.
C.Harmful.
D.Unclear.
参考译文
Text 3
据报道，包一直在增大，而且现今在街上人们手中包的数量比历史上任何时候都要多。如果属实的话，可以将原因归结为广泛使用的电器类或电子类产品，大量的阅读材料，以及紧身衣或是没有口袋的服装的流行，又或者是由于海外低成本的包袋制造劳动力。
但是，如同大自然利用疾病来控制过量人口一样，城市化的生活为包的使用设置了很多障碍。携带包进入很多公共场所，诸如剧院、球场，或许还有地铁站时都需要通过检查或选择不带包进入。城市里有数不尽的包的使用规则。想要一直带着包很困难，而且出门之前你永远不能确定只带一个包会不会是个糟糕的主意。
上个星期，纽约市图书馆也实行了相关规定。学生、研究者、作家、史学家以及其他那些习惯于将玫瑰主阅览室当作办公室或者普通阅览室使用并且使用了很多年的读者们遭遇到了新规定。新规规定不允许读者携带超过l4英寸长、11英寸宽的包进入图书馆。如果携带有超过
此尺寸的包，请放置于衣帽间。但是请随身携带包内私人物品，图书馆可以提供大号的透明塑料袋用于放置物品。请读者于离开时取回自己的包并同时归还塑料袋。
这种情况更多的是为了预防有人将图书资料带离图书馆，而不是担心他们带进的物品。新规实施的第二天，一位图书馆管理人员表示，“对于那些习惯于随身携带很多物品的人来说，这是个很大的变化。负责任的读者将会支持这一规定，然而此规定并不能有效制止那些偷书者。”
27.D【精析】主旨题。题干意为“作者主要讲述的是什么?”全文述说了包袋使用的现状，接着又说明在城市中存在很多不允许携带包袋的地方或场合D项符合题意。文中其他三项在文中均没有体现，故D正确。
28.C【精析】细节题。题于意为“在许多公共场所，包的使用规则要求人们。”由文章第二段第二句“to enter many public
buildings，theatres，ballparks，and perhaps even underground railway stations.You must go through a search of go bagless.”可知，想要进入一些公共场所要么不带包，如果带了包都要接受检查。故C正确。
29.C【精析】细节题。题于意为“纽约市图书馆实施新规则的目的是什么?”由文章最后一段第一句“What the library is trying to prevent，in this case，is people taking things out，rather than bringing things in.”可知，图书管新规的目的是为了防止个别人未经允许带出图书资料。故C正确。
30.B【精析】细节题。题于意为“图书馆理员认为新规则的效果如何?”由最后一段最后一句中的“The people who steal will confinue to get away with it，if they really want to.”可知，图书管理人员认为新规对于不同的人有不同的影响，但是那些真心想偷取图书资料的人不会受到太多的制约，所以新规的作用是有限的。故B正确。
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