2017年托福考试阅读理解难句讲解

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2017年托福考试阅读理解难句讲解

　　task 1

　　托福阅读长难句：

　　But we need to be aware that when painters working in a naturalistic style make images that seem like untouched snapshots of actual objects, their skill can also render lifelike such fictions as a unicorn or a dragon.

　　托福阅读长难句难点：

　　大量生词+倒装+抽象语义的对应

　　托福阅读长难句解析：

　　首先扫清词汇问题：snapshots快抓照片，render导致…,使…呈现出…，fiction此处不能理解为“小说”，应结合语境取“虚构”之意，unicorn独角兽。最大难点在“render lifelike such fictions”这个倒装结构的处理，这是将宾语补足语lifelike提前，正常语序为“render such fictions lifelike”，即“使得这些虚构看起来栩栩如生”。(在1.7考试解析中也出现该考点)。

　　另外，注意整句话前后的转折对应上，“untouched snapshots of actual objects”与“lifelike such fictions as a unicorn or a dragon”是最大的对应，其中“actual objects(真实物体)”又与“fictions，unicorn，dragon(虚构，独角兽，龙)”对应。

　　托福阅读长难句翻译，“但是我们需要意识到：当致力于写实主义风格的画家画出似乎看起来未经过任何改动的快照一样的真实物体的绘画时，他们的(这种写实主义)技艺也能够使得这些类似独角兽和龙一样的虚构物体看起来栩栩如生。”

　　这里透露出作者对写实主义双刃剑效果的警惕，写实主义既可以如实反映真实世界，也可以将虚假世界描绘的'以假乱真。

　　task 2

　　From an artist’s point of view, Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes that can easily be traced and also increases the contrast between light and dark,leading to the chiaroscuro effect seen in many of these paintings. (TPO44, 48)

　　chiaroscuro /k,ɑr'skro/ n. 明暗对照法;对比法

　　大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

　　(From an artist’s point of view), Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes (that can easily be traced) and also increases the contrast between light and dark, (leading to the chiaroscuro effect) (seen in many of these paintings. )(TPO44, 48)

　　托福阅读长难句100句分析：

　　这个句子的主干：

　　Hockney observed that…

　　从句中是一个并列结构：a camera obscura compresses…and also increases…

　　修饰一：(From an artist’s point of view) ，介词短语

　　中文：从艺术家的观点来看

　　修饰二：(that can easily be traced) ，从句

　　中文：很容易被追踪

　　修饰三：(leading to the chiaroscuro effect) ，非谓语动词

　　中文：产生了明暗效果

　　修饰四：(seen in many of these paintings.) ，非谓语动词

　　中文：在很多这类画中可以被看见