部分情态动词的用法解析

部分情态动词的用法解析

　　以下是小编整理的部分情态动词的用法解析，希望对大家有所帮助

　　在中学英语教材中，情态动词一直是一个相当重要的语法项目，它贯穿于高中英语教学的始终，也是历年高考的必考点，但由于其用法高度情景化，并且取决于说话人彼时彼地的情感和态度，因而显得杂乱无序、难于掌握。本文拟就情态动词的可考点及必考点较为全面地对其进行梳理和归类，以求更加条理化、明晰化。

　　①can与could

　　经常用于 “cannot(help /choose)but + 动词原形”短语中，短语意为“不能不……”，“不得不……”，“只能……”，“除……之外别无选择”。

　　He could′t(choose)but take the offer.

　　We could′t but be impressed by their warm concern.

　　He could not but feel annoyed.

　　■have no choice but to do(…)与there be no choice but to do(…)

　　二者意为：“除…… 之外别无选择”，but后接用带to的动词不定式。

　　Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.

　　There is no choice but to give in.

　　He didn′t have any choice but to leave.

　　1)经常用于下列句型中，意为“尽可能地……”。

　　as … as maybe as … as possible

　　as … as one can/could as … as one possibly can/could

　　■possibly 常与can 或could 连用。

　　--- When are you going to see him?

　　--- As soon as possible / maybe.

　　There is nothing we can do but wait as calmly as we possibly can.

　　He began to run, as fast as he could.

　　2)经常用于下列短语中，短语意为“禁不住 …… ”，“不得不 ……”，“忍不住 …… ”，“抵不住 …… ”等等。

　　cannot help doing(…) cannot resist doing(…)

　　cannot keep from doing(…) cannot stand doing(…)

　　cannot forbear doing(…) / to do(…) cannot bear doing(…) / to do(…)

　　When I read the play now, I cannot help thinking of the past.

　　She could not help feeling depressed.

　　He never can resist making a joke.

　　The wounded man could not forbear to cry out.

　　Robbie could not keep(himself)from laughing.

　　I could not stand being talked to like that.

　　He could not bear living alone.

　　3)经常用于下列两个句型：

　　A)can′t + be (或行为动词) + 比较级结构

　　■这一句型的基本意义是：再没有……比……更……，是从反面表达“最”的含义，尽管用语颇为含蓄，但表达的肯定语气却是十分强烈的。

　　He can′t be more careless. 他太粗心了。

　　I can′t thank you a little more. 我太感谢你了。

　　上述例句是对现在的情况进行强调。如对过去的情况加以强调，则常常使用：

　　“ could′t + have + p.p + 比较级结构”

　　The job could′t have been easier. 这工作再容易不过的了。

　　■这种句型中的谓语动词不只限于一般时态，还可以使用现在完成时和过去完成时，其强调的时间概念与上面的相同。

　　The visit can′t have left us a deeper impression.

　　这次参观给我们留下的印象再没有那么深刻了。

　　She could′t have explained the matter more clearly.

　　她把那件事解释得再没有那么清晰了。

　　B)can′t + 原形动词 + too(或enough)

　　■这一句型乍一看上去像是否定，实则是表示强烈的肯定，意为：无论怎么样……也不过分……，not可采用其变体hardly，never等。

　　I can′t praise this film highly enough.

　　I can′t praise this film too much.

　　I can hardly praise this film too highly.

　　我无论怎样去赞扬这部影片都不为过。

　　②may 与 might

　　1)经常用于表示目的或让步的状语从句中;

　　Write to him at once so that he may know in time.

　　However much they may desire it they cannot express their sympathetic feelings.

　　Try as he may, he will not pass the examination.

　　He swore that, come what may, he would never let her know what he was doing for her sake.

　　No matter how loudly you may shout, you won′t be heard.

　　2)经常用来构成倒装句型，表示祝愿;

　　May you have a long and happy life!

　　May there never be another world war!

　　May all your dreams come true!

　　May God bless you!

　　3)经常用于may / might as well 短语中，短语意为“不妨 …… ”，用来提出建议等;

　　If that is the case, I may as well try.

　　Since it′s a fine day we might as well walk.

　　Then you might as well stay with us here.

　　Well, now you are here, you may as well make yourself useful.

　　4)经常用于may … but… 短语中，短语意为“或许…… 但是……”，前面部分接近一个让步状语从句。

　　He may be poor but he is honest.

　　He may be clear, but he doesn′t know everything.

　　③must

　　1)经常与进行时连用，表示“必须立即 …… ”，“将不得不……”等含义;

　　I am afraid I must be going.

　　She was nearly grown up and must soon be looking after herself.

　　2)意为“(干吗)偏要……，硬要……”

　　Must you shout so loudly?

　　Of course, after I gave her my advice, she must go and do the opposite.

　　Just when we were ready to go away for the holidays, the baby must catch measles.

　　④shall与 should

　　■shall

　　1)经常用于第一、三人称，构成疑问句，征求对方意见或请求对方允许。用于第三人称时，实质上是替别人征询意见或许可;

　　Shall the boy come in, Mr. Smith?

　　Shall the taxi-driver wait outside?

　　Shall he begin to work, director?

　　--- Shall we sit here? --- We may as well.

　　I will be there at 3:00, shall I?

　　2)经常用于各种人称，表示许诺;

　　I promise you shall see her again before long.

　　If you work hard you shall have a holiday on Saturday.

　　You shall have the money as soon as I get it.

　　You shall hear everything directly you come.

　　3)经常用于各种人称，表示命令、威胁或规定;

　　If you children won′t do as I tell you, you shan′t go to the party.

　　He shall suffer for this.

　　She shall do as she is told.

　　Shall he leave tomorrow? Yes, he shall.

　　Each competitor shall wear a number.

　　Houses owners shall keep their gardens in a neat and orderly state.

　　4)经常用于各种人称，表示决心(表示一定会发生某事)，体现一种强烈愿望;

　　That day shall come.

　　It has been decided that he shall be given the job.

　　■should

　　1)经常用在某些从句中，表示惊异或不以为然等情绪(有时译为“竟然”);

　　I cannot think why he should have said that; it was my fault.

　　It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.

　　It was not right that such near neighbors should not know one another.

　　Why should you talk to her like that?

　　2)经常用在so that，lest，in case等引起的从句中;

　　She stood away so that he should enter the room first.

　　They trembled lest the father should hear of it.

　　I will keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind.

　　3)经常用来表示估计或推断的情况(可译为“照理应当”，“估计……”);

　　They should be there by now, I think.

　　We needn′t get ready yet; the guests shouldn′t come for another hour.

　　4)经常用于下列句型中：

　　I should like … 我想(做某事)

　　I should have thought … 我还以为(表示惊异)

　　I should like a bath.

　　20degrees? I should have thought it was colder than that.

【部分情态动词的用法解析】相关文章：

专四英语情态动词语法考点07-06

教师招聘知识：英语情态动词考点分析10-26

高一英语语法情态动词专项练习（附答案）04-28

全国少儿英语等级考试情态动词训练整理12-20

语法篇：状语从句用法解析09-23

英语单词impress的用法和解析01-29

英语单词mingle的用法和解析02-12

英语单词impress的用法和解析01-27

英语短语动词06-01

小学英语动词短语11-07